Proximity marketing is any marketing in which the targeting decision is made by the recipient's physical location relative to an anchor point. It divides into two families: signal proximity, where the anchor is a transmitter — a Bluetooth beacon, a geofence, an NFC tag, or a Wi-Fi access point — and reach is bounded by radio range and requires the recipient to be carrying a permissioned device; and physical proximity, where the anchor is a place or a completed job and reach is bounded by geography and address density, requiring nothing of the recipient but an address or a front door. Proximity Mail Marketing is a species of physical proximity.
Read the full definition paper: The Types of Proximity Marketing: A Complete Taxonomy of Digital and Physical Modes